在现代企业中，数据中台、数字孪生和数字可视化技术的应用越来越广泛，而这些技术的核心离不开高效的数据库性能。作为数据处理的核心语言，SQL的性能优化至关重要。在Oracle数据库中，SQL Profile（SQL轮廓）是一种强大的工具，能够显著提升SQL语句的执行效率，从而优化整体系统性能。本文将深入探讨Oracle SQL Profile的使用方法及其在实际场景中的优化技巧。

什么是Oracle SQL Profile？

Oracle SQL Profile是一种数据库优化工具，用于分析和改进SQL语句的执行计划。通过收集SQL语句的执行统计信息，SQL Profile可以为优化器提供额外的指导，从而生成更高效的执行计划。简单来说，SQL Profile可以帮助数据库更好地理解SQL语句的执行特性，进而提升查询性能。

为什么需要使用SQL Profile？

在数据中台、数字孪生和数字可视化等场景中，复杂的SQL查询可能会导致性能瓶颈。以下是使用SQL Profile的几个关键原因：

1. 优化执行计划：通过分析SQL语句的执行统计信息，SQL Profile可以帮助优化器生成更优的执行计划，减少资源消耗。
2. 提升查询性能：对于复杂的查询，SQL Profile可以显著减少执行时间，提升用户体验。
3. 降低资源消耗：通过优化SQL语句，可以减少CPU、内存和磁盘I/O的使用，降低运营成本。
4. 支持高并发场景：在高并发环境下，SQL Profile能够帮助数据库更好地处理大量查询，确保系统稳定性。

如何使用Oracle SQL Profile？

使用Oracle SQL Profile进行性能优化需要遵循以下步骤：

1. 收集SQL执行统计信息

在使用SQL Profile之前，需要先收集SQL语句的执行统计信息。Oracle提供了DBMS_SQLTUNE包来实现这一点。

示例代码：

DECLARE  l_sql_id       VARCHAR2(100);  l_plan_hash    NUMBER;  l_profile_id   NUMBER;BEGIN  l_sql_id := DBMS_SQLTUNE.SQL_ID('SELECT * FROM sales WHERE region = '' Americas'');  DBMS_SQLTUNE.TUNE_SQL_WORKLOAD(    sql_id         => l_sql_id,    profile_id     => l_profile_id,    plan_hash_value => l_plan_hash,    iterations      => 1,    fetch_size      => 1000,    max_mem_size    => 1024,    degree_of_parallelism => 1,    time_limit      => 10,    wait_time_limit => 10,    parallel        => FALSE,    no_parallel     => FALSE,    bind_aware      => TRUE,    bind_replacement => FALSE,    optimizer_mode  => 'ALL_ROWS',    optimizer_use_inmemory => TRUE,    optimizer_use_memoization => TRUE,    optimizer_use_result_cache => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_baseline => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_direction => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_mergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_sortmergejoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hybridjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_indexjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_index => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_full_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_table_scan => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rowid => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_projection => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_filter => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_join_condition => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_group_by => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_having => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_where => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_from => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_joins => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subqueries => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hints => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cost => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cardinality => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_selectivity => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_order => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_comments => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_transformation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_windowing => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_pivot => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_cube => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_rollup => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_aggregate => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_subquery => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_correlation => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_semijoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_outerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_innerjoin => TRUE,    optimizer_use_sql_plan_hashjoin => TRUE,   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